I look at like this:
Tyre size is determined by engine power (too big and you'll bog the motor, too small and you lack traction).
Rim width is determinted by tyre size.
There's plenty more to it (as LWC's post suggests), particularly if you start talking about the finer points of handling, but you won't go too far wrong using that rule of thumb.
Personally, I reckon 110 or larger tyre = 2.15" wide rim. On a 1.85" rim, the larger tyres are balloon shaped and tend to feel underinflated all the time.